Chief Technology Officer at Smart Fog
Author
Ido Goldstein is a technology innovator with deep expertise in humidity engineering, climate control, and non-wetting fog systems. He has spent years advancing energy-efficient and water-smart solutions that help industries like cleanrooms, data centers, wineries, and greenhouses maintain precise environmental control.
Passionate about technology with real-world impact, Ido also supports sustainable agriculture initiatives and nonprofit innovation. Through this blog, he shares practical insights on HVAC advancements, indoor air quality, and the science behind high-performing environments.
Humidity requirements vary significantly by industry, and operating outside the correct range creates regulatory, equipment, and product quality risks. This guide presents specific RH targets by sector, with governing standards and compliance consequences for each.
A thermostat only measures one type of heat. This article explains the difference between sensible and latent heat, why water vapor carries hidden energy, and how that drives up cooling cost in humid environments.
Humidity ratio measures the mass of water vapor per unit mass of dry air. This guide explains what it means, how to locate it on a psychrometric chart, and how to calculate it using the standard psychrometric formula.
Static electricity risk is directly tied to relative humidity, but the answer is not simply “keep it above 40%.” This article breaks down the full RH spectrum zone by zone, showing what happens below, within, and above the recommended range and why both bounds matter for ESD control.
Uncontrolled dew point causes sweating surfaces, floor ice, evaporator blockage, and product spoilage in cold storage. This guide explains how dew point behaves across facility zones and what facility managers need to evaluate to prevent it.
ASHRAE TC9.9 defines specific dew point limits for data center environments, and operating outside those limits creates two distinct failure modes: electrostatic discharge at the low end and condensation at the high end. This article explains the class envelopes, the thresholds, and the operational risks at each boundary.
Condensation forms when a surface falls below the dew point of surrounding air. This guide covers surface-specific prevention methods including insulation selection, vapour barriers, surface heating, and ventilation, applied across pipes, windows, AC vents, and cold industrial equipment.
Wet-bulb temperature measures how much the air’s humidity limits the body’s ability to cool itself through sweating. This guide explains what it is, how it is measured, and why it matters for human health and industrial facilities.
Convert relative humidity to dew point temperature or absolute humidity using interactive calculators and the Magnus approximation formula. This guide covers conversion direction, worked examples, comfort thresholds, and when simplified formulas lose accuracy.
Enthalpy of moist air is the total heat content of an air-water vapor mixture per unit mass of dry air, combining sensible and latent components. This guide defines the formula, walks through a worked example, and explains how HVAC engineers apply enthalpy values to coil sizing, AHU selection, and energy recovery.